Research
Policy analysis grounded in data.
Bangladesh Public Finance: Revenue, Debt, and Reform
Tax-to-GDP at 7.4% (lowest in South Asia), expenditure composition, deficit financing, debt sustainability, and revenue mobilization options.
Read analysis →Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation in Bangladesh: Risk, Resilience, and the Financing Gap
7th most vulnerable on ND-GAIN. Sea level rise exposure, cyclone mortality decline, emissions per capita, energy transition, and $3.8B adaptation financing gap.
Read analysis →The State of Bangladesh Remittances: Corridors, Dependence, and Reform
$23B+ annual inflows across 160 corridors. Saudi Arabia dominant, Gulf cost burden, hundi diversion, and financial inclusion linkages.
Read analysis →The State of Bangladesh Banking: Crisis, Reform, and Resilience
NPL ratio at 9.6%, SOB distress, lending rate dynamics, FX reserve adequacy, recapitalization costs, and reform scenarios.
Read analysis →The State of Bangladesh Trade: Structure, Risk, and Strategy
Export concentration in RMG (84%), import structure, trade balance dynamics, LDC graduation impact, and diversification pathways.
Read analysis →ADP utilization rate, NBR collection vs target by month, expenditure pace, and supplementary budget probability.
Monthly snapshot: NBR revenue, ADP spending, bank borrowing, inflation, and exchange rate against budget assumptions.
FY2025-26 budget: BDT 7.97T total, 11.6% of GDP. Revenue targets, ADP allocation, subsidy burden, and financing composition.
Commodity price pass-through, remittance-reserves buffer, trade openness and growth, and external shock vulnerability.
HDI decomposition: health, education, income contributions. District-level variation and multidimensional poverty overlap.
WGI-FDI correlation, NPL-governance link, regulatory quality impact on credit allocation, and institutional reform scenarios.
2.5M annual labor market entrants vs TVET output of 300K. Skills mismatch by sector, employer survey gaps, and wage premiums.
Salinity impact on Aman rice yield, flood damage to Boro crop, heat stress on labor productivity, and adaptation cost estimates.
Gender parity in enrollment but 38% female LFP. RMG empowerment paradox, maternal health gains, GBV burden, land rights, and policy gaps.
Female labor force participation 38%, RMG workforce feminization, maternal mortality decline, GBV prevalence, and political representation.
1.2% of GDP on defense, UN peacekeeping contributions (top 5), force modernization, maritime security, and border management.
13M overseas workers sending $23B/year. Gulf concentration, recruitment cost exploitation, feminization trends, return reintegration, and diaspora engagement policy.
13M+ Bangladeshis abroad, migration cost burden, skill composition, return migration patterns, and diaspora investment.
2.5% of GDP on safety nets, 28M beneficiaries, targeting leakage, old age allowance coverage, and G2P digitization.
16,000 tons/day municipal waste, 3% recycling rate, Dhaka landfill pressure, e-waste growth, and informal sector role.
Frozen food exports, dairy processing, rice milling modernization, food safety certification, and cold chain infrastructure.
750+ MFIs, 35M borrowers, average loan size, interest rate caps, SME credit gap, and digital lending growth.
Road network density, railway modal share, Chittagong port throughput, inland waterway freight, and logistics performance index.
185M mobile subscribers, 4G coverage, spectrum allocation, tower sharing, broadband penetration, and 5G readiness.
Dhaka apartment prices, construction permits, cement/steel demand, housing affordability ratio, and RAJUK development control.
118,813 km2 EEZ, $6.2B marine economy potential. Fisheries, shipping, offshore energy, coastal tourism, and governance gaps.
Maritime trade routes, exclusive economic zone resources, marine fisheries, port development, and ocean governance framework.
Tourist arrivals, revenue per visitor, Cox's Bazar/Sundarbans/Sylhet potential, infrastructure gaps, and visa policy barriers.
40,000+ workshops, import substitution in auto parts and electrical goods, backward linkage to RMG, and technology upgrading needs.
Ceramics tableware exports ($100M+), plastics manufacturing ecosystem, import substitution progress, and quality certification gaps.
$1.4B IT/ITES exports, 700K freelancers, Hi-Tech Park occupancy, startup funding landscape, and workforce pipeline.
$1.2B export sector. Savar tannery relocation, CETP compliance, value chain upgrading, and EU market access.
$47B industry at a crossroads: wage pressure, automation risk, sustainability mandates, backward linkages, and post-LDC tariff exposure.
$47B RMG exports, 84% of total. Compliance post-Rana Plaza, wage trends, backward linkage progress, and buyer diversification.
4th largest producer. Raw jute vs diversified products, global demand shift to biodegradable packaging, and mill modernization needs.
$300M export sector. Order book, yard capacity, ship recycling (Sitakunda), IMO compliance, and green shipbuilding potential.
Remittance Flows and Household Welfare in Bangladesh This report examines household welfare. This finding is based on did using data from Bangladesh Bank, World Bank, and survey data. The findings ha
$3.4B domestic market, 97% local supply, API import dependence, generic export potential post-LDC TRIPS waiver.
Water per capita 0 m3/yr (+0), extraction 30 BCM vs 21 BCM recharge. Overdraft 9.0 BCM (43%). Arsenic: 20% wells, Barind drop 15m.
Agriculture 11.5% of GDP (+0.0pp), cereal yield 4,750 kg/ha (+0.0%), food inflation 9.7%, rice production 55.0M MT.
Total fish production 4.62M MT, aquaculture 2.64M MT (57.1% share). Shrimp exports $420M.
8,000 kilns producing 23 billion bricks/yr. Only 42% use clean technology. PM2.5 at 79.9 ug/m3.
Stunting 23.6%, wasting 10.7%, underweight 23.0% (BDHS 2022). Stunting declined 18.4pp over the past decade.
National poverty headcount 18.7% (HIES 2022). Mymensingh is the poorest division (28.7%), Dhaka the least poor (10.8%). District MPI analysis across 0 districts reveals persistent northwest-coastal deprivation belt.
Spatial & EnvironmentWater health score 83.3/100, transboundary risk 85.5/100. 8.0M ha wetlands support 20M haor residents.
Spatial & EnvironmentSatellite elevation analysis shows 50,317 km2 (34.1% of land) within the 5m low elevation coastal zone, with 5,260,000 people directly exposed to sea level rise.
Spatial & EnvironmentSentinel-5P TROPOMI analysis across 10 cities reveals a pollution index of 47.0/100, with Dhaka recording the highest NO2 concentration.
Spatial & EnvironmentCombined erosion of 2,500 ha/yr across major rivers. Jamuna accounts for 64.0% of total erosion.
Spatial & EnvironmentSatellite analysis of forest loss, vegetation health, water bodies, and rainfall patterns. Environmental health score: 88.2/100.
Spatial & EnvironmentSatellite analysis of nighttime lights, built-up expansion, urban heat islands, and air quality across 10 cities. Urbanization pressure score: 0.0/100.
Spatial & EnvironmentShipping disruption costs, energy price pass-through, remittance corridor risk, and export market exposure from Middle East conflict.
Trade & Finance98% primary enrollment but low learning outcomes. Gender parity achieved, tertiary bottleneck, TVET gaps, and education-to-employment pipeline.
28 GW installed capacity, 97% grid access, 62% gas dependence, renewable targets, and stranded asset risks from coal pipeline.
130M+ internet users, mobile money revolution, e-governance rank #111, digital startup ecosystem, and 4IR workforce readiness.
WGI composite at bottom quartile, 3.7M case backlog, 1.4M civil servants. Institutional capacity, decentralization, judiciary, and reform scenarios.
WGI percentile ranks, CPI score, judicial backlog, RTI compliance, and e-governance adoption.
Society & GovernanceBank account penetration, bKash/Nagad transaction volumes, microfinance outreach, and gender gaps in access.
Trade & FinanceFood basket cost by division, rent index, utility prices, and real purchasing power for bottom two quintiles.
Economy & MacroCross-domain satellite and macroeconomic analysis of flood exposure, rainfall variability, temperature trends, and agricultural vulnerability. Climate vulnerability score: 22.8/100.
Spatial & EnvironmentND-GAIN vulnerability rank, disaster damage trends, cyclone shelter coverage, and adaptation spending.
Energy & EnvironmentInternet penetration, mobile financial services, e-governance readiness, and ICT export growth.
Energy & EnvironmentLabor force participation, sectoral employment shares, wage trends, and informal economy size.
Society & GovernanceNet enrollment, learning outcomes (PISA proxy), public spending, and skill-employment mismatch.
Society & Governance6.2 GW installed solar, SHS penetration, IRENA capacity data, SREDA targets, and grid parity analysis.
Energy & EnvironmentBangladesh spends 2.6% of GDP on health with 62% out-of-pocket. Disease burden, workforce gaps, UHC progress, and financing options.
Health expenditure (% GDP), out-of-pocket burden, disease profile, and facility coverage gaps.
Society & GovernanceNPL ratios by bank type, capital adequacy, credit growth, and Bangladesh Bank policy actions.
Trade & FinancePower generation capacity, grid losses, fuel mix, per-capita consumption, and load shedding.
Energy & EnvironmentMonthly inflows by corridor, transfer costs, hundi share estimates, and reserve impact.
Trade & FinanceHDI components, poverty headcount, inequality (Gini), and SDG progress tracking.
Society & GovernanceNBR revenue collection, ADP spending, deficit financing mix, and debt-to-GDP trajectory.
Economy & MacroCPI basket breakdown, food vs non-food inflation, and real wage purchasing power.
Economy & MacroGDP growth, inflation, exchange rate, reserves, and credit trends from Bangladesh Bank and BBS.
Economy & MacroComposite index scoring Bangladesh across 8 dimensions: economy, trade, governance, health, education, energy, environment, and industry.