Where do Bangladeshi workers go, which districts send most per head, what is their skill mix, and what does migration cost?

Migration and overseas employment. Part of what the twin can answer. Every figure below is the value the route serves, with its source; the raw response is at /api/twin/brain/migration.

Descriptive, sourced: no model

Basis: sourced records (URL, sha256 or locator per row), no model.

Workers going abroad, calendar 2023: 1,305,453; Statistical Yearbook Bangladesh 2023 (43rd edition), Table 3.21: overseas employment by worker category, calendar years 2001-2023 (pdf page 148); Table 3.24: overseas employment by destination, calendar years 2009-2023 (pdf page 150)
Less-skilled share, calendar 2023: 50.2%; Statistical Yearbook Bangladesh 2023 (43rd edition), Table 3.21: overseas employment by worker category, calendar years 2001-2023 (pdf page 148); Table 3.24: overseas employment by destination, calendar years 2009-2023 (pdf page 150)
Leading destination, FY2022-23: Saudi Arabia: 40.23%; BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations
National workers abroad per 1,000 census residents, FY2021-22: 5.85; BMET Annual Report 2021-22, Table 3.3: workers going abroad by home district, FY2021-22 (pdf page 58, printed page 56); BBS Population and Housing Census 2022, population by district (via HDX, UNRCO Bangladesh)
Highest district rate, FY2021-22: Brahmanbaria: 18.66 per 1,000 residents; BMET Annual Report 2021-22, Table 3.3: workers going abroad by home district, FY2021-22 (pdf page 58, printed page 56); BBS Population and Housing Census 2022, population by district (via HDX, UNRCO Bangladesh)

On phones, each table row lists its labeled values. Open the JSON response for every receipt field.

Where workers go

fiscal year (1 Jul 2022 to 30 Jun 2023)

All other countries, FY2022-23: 10,012; BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations
Sum of country rows, FY2022-23: 1,126,053; BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations
Printed total, FY2022-23: 1,126,060; BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations
Gap to printed total, FY2022-23: 7; BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations

Leading destinations, FY2022-23

Workers and skill mix, by calendar year

calendar year

Skill categories as served (flagged years excluded)

Calendar year	Total	Professional	Skilled	Semi-skilled	Less skilled	Less-skilled share	Total includes Other
2001	Total: 188,965

Which districts send most workers per head?

fiscal year (1 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2022)

Highest rates, FY2021-22; Census 2022 denominator

District	Division	Workers	Per 1,000 census residents	Share of national workers	Rank per head (highest first)
Brahmanbaria	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 61,689

Women among overseas workers (calendar and fiscal series kept apart)

Female share, with each row's period basis

Period	Basis	Women	All workers	Female share	Sources
FY2021-22	Basis: fiscal year (Jul-Jun)	Women: 105,242	All workers:

Migration cost in months of earnings

months of earnings (SDG 10.7.1)

SDG 10.7.1, sexes kept apart

Survey year	Sex	Months of earnings	Survey	Coverage
2020	Sex: both	Months of earnings: 17.6	Survey: National Statistical Office, Cost of Migration Survey 2020

Destination totals that do not reconcile

Calendar-year destination rows withheld

Year	Printed total	Rows summed	Reason
2009	Printed total: 475,278	Rows summed: 500,363	Reason: printed destination rows do not add to the printed year total; rows not served

Bodies responsible for overseas employment

Registry links

Body	Role
Ministry of Expatriates' Welfare and Overseas Employment	Role: parent ministry of BMET
Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training	Role: registers and clears every overseas worker

Not held

Remittance by corridor: Held by the trade brain (/api/twin/brain/trade, Bangladesh Bank Major Economic Indicators): linked, not repeated here.
Migration cost by destination country, district or skill: No source held. The UN SDG series gives one national figure per survey and sex.
Workers by home district for FY2022-23 or any other year: The FY2022-23 BMET report reprints the FY2021-22 district values; no other year is held.
Worker category by destination country: The yearbook prints category by year and destination by year, not the two together.
Female share by destination country or district: BMET prints the female count only as a national figure per period in the reports held.
Return migration and workers abroad (stock): The tables held count departures (outflow) only.

Sources

Statistical Yearbook Bangladesh 2023 (43rd edition), Table 3.21: overseas employment by worker category, calendar years 2001-2023 (pdf page 148); Table 3.24: overseas employment by destination, calendar years 2009-2023 (pdf page 150). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; source printed: Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training. dataset migration_year_skill, migration_year_countryCalendar years. The yearbook's printed total equals the four categories (2001-2003, 2006-2012, 2020, 2023) or the four plus Other (2013-2019, 2021-2022); 2004 and 2005 print a total 100,000 above the four categories and are flagged, not repaired. In Table 3.24, 2009-2012 and 2016 print destination rows that do not add to the printed year total and are flagged, not served. The yearbook's download URL was not recorded with the file; the file is named by its sha256. The two tables print different totals for 2017 (1,008,518 against 1,008,525) and 2020 (211,149 against 217,669); both are served, each under its own table, and the differences are listed in ``.

Rank	Country	Workers	Share
1	Country: Saudi Arabia	Workers: 453,035	Share: 40.23%
2	Country: Malaysia	Workers: 228,174	Share: 20.26%
3	Country: Oman	Workers: 172,551	Share: 15.32%
4	Country: United Arab Emirates	Workers: 79,048	Share: 7.02%
5	Country: Singapore	Workers: 61,334	Share: 5.45%
6	Country: Kuwait	Workers: 30,076	Share: 2.67%
7	Country: Qatar	Workers: 28,642	Share: 2.54%
8	Country: Romania	Workers: 12,559	Share: 1.12%
9	Country: Italy	Workers: 12,499	Share: 1.11%
10	Country: Jordan	Workers: 7,657	Share: 0.68%
11	Country: Korea (South)	Workers: 6,895	Share: 0.61%
12	Country: Brunei Darussalam	Workers: 5,425	Share: 0.48%
13	Country: Mauritius	Workers: 4,401	Share: 0.39%
14	Country: United Kingdom	Workers: 3,443	Share: 0.31%
15	Country: Cambodia	Workers: 3,294	Share: 0.29%
16	Country: Poland	Workers: 2,213	Share: 0.2%
17	Country: Lebanon	Workers: 1,939	Share: 0.17%
18	Country: Croatia	Workers: 1,496	Share: 0.13%
19	Country: Seychelles	Workers: 685	Share: 0.06%
20	Country: Japan	Workers: 675	Share: 0.06%

Printed totals, including years whose categories are withheld

Calendar year	Printed total
2001	Printed total: 188,965
2002	Printed total: 225,256
2003	Printed total: 254,190
2004	Printed total: 272,958
2005	Printed total: 252,702
2006	Printed total: 381,516
2007	Printed total: 832,609
2008	Printed total: 875,055
2009	Printed total: 475,278
2010	Printed total: 390,702
2011	Printed total: 568,062
2012	Printed total: 607,798
2013	Printed total: 409,253
2014	Printed total: 425,684
2015	Printed total: 555,881
2016	Printed total: 757,731
2017	Printed total: 1,008,518
2018	Printed total: 734,181
2019	Printed total: 700,159
2020	Printed total: 211,149
2021	Printed total: 617,209
2022	Printed total: 1,135,873
2023	Printed total: 1,305,453

Unreconciled skill rows

Calendar year	Printed total	Four categories summed	Reason
2004	Printed total: 272,958	Four categories summed: 172,958	Reason: printed total does not equal the printed categories under either convention; categories not served, total served in ``totals_by_year``
2005	Printed total: 252,702	Four categories summed: 152,702	Reason: printed total does not equal the printed categories under either convention; categories not served, total served in ``totals_by_year``

Per 1,000 census residents:

Lowest rates, FY2021-22; Census 2022 denominator

District	Division	Workers	Per 1,000 census residents	Share of national workers	Rank per head (highest first)
Lalmonirhat	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 728	Per 1,000 census residents: 0.51	Share of national workers: 0.08%	Rank per head (highest first): 64
Panchagarh	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 683	Per 1,000 census residents: 0.58	Share of national workers: 0.07%	Rank per head (highest first): 63
Nilphamari	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 1,555	Per 1,000 census residents: 0.74	Share of national workers: 0.16%	Rank per head (highest first): 62
Dinajpur	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 2,487	Per 1,000 census residents: 0.75	Share of national workers: 0.26%	Rank per head (highest first): 61
Rangpur	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 2,792	Per 1,000 census residents: 0.88	Share of national workers: 0.29%	Rank per head (highest first): 60
Thakurgaon	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 1,733	Per 1,000 census residents: 1.13	Share of national workers: 0.18%	Rank per head (highest first): 59
Rangamati	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 840	Per 1,000 census residents: 1.3	Share of national workers: 0.09%	Rank per head (highest first): 58
Kurigram	Division: Rangpur	Workers: 3,172	Per 1,000 census residents: 1.36	Share of national workers: 0.33%	Rank per head (highest first): 57
Bandarban	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 658	Per 1,000 census residents: 1.37	Share of national workers: 0.07%	Rank per head (highest first): 56
Rajshahi	Division: Rajshahi	Workers: 4,007	Per 1,000 census residents: 1.37	Share of national workers: 0.41%	Rank per head (highest first): 55

Most workers, FY2021-22

District	Division	Workers	Per 1,000 census residents	Share of national workers	Rank per head (highest first)
Comilla	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 100,468	Per 1,000 census residents: 16.17	Share of national workers: 10.4%	Rank per head (highest first): 2
Brahmanbaria	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 61,689	Per 1,000 census residents: 18.66	Share of national workers: 6.38%	Rank per head (highest first): 1
Chittagong	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 51,755	Per 1,000 census residents: 5.64	Share of national workers: 5.35%	Rank per head (highest first): 23
Chandpur	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 41,983	Per 1,000 census residents: 15.93	Share of national workers: 4.34%	Rank per head (highest first): 3
Noakhali	Division: Chittagong	Workers: 41,469	Per 1,000 census residents: 11.44	Share of national workers: 4.29%	Rank per head (highest first): 11
Kishoregonj	Division: Dhaka	Workers: 38,395	Per 1,000 census residents: 11.75	Share of national workers: 3.97%	Rank per head (highest first): 9
Tangail	Division: Dhaka	Workers: 36,965	Per 1,000 census residents: 9.16	Share of national workers: 3.82%	Rank per head (highest first): 15
Narsingdi	Division: Dhaka	Workers: 33,545	Per 1,000 census residents: 12.98	Share of national workers: 3.47%	Rank per head (highest first): 7
Dhaka	Division: Dhaka	Workers: 31,350	Per 1,000 census residents: 2.13	Share of national workers: 3.24%	Rank per head (highest first): 48
Sylhet	Division: Sylhet	Workers: 29,948	Per 1,000 census residents: 7.76	Share of national workers: 3.1%	Rank per head (highest first): 19

Divisions, FY2021-22; Census 2022 denominator

Division	Workers	Per 1,000 residents	Share
Chittagong	Workers: 363,932	Per 1,000 residents: 10.96	Share: 37.65%
Sylhet	Workers: 99,211	Per 1,000 residents: 8.99	Share: 10.26%
Dhaka	Workers: 287,575	Per 1,000 residents: 6.5	Share: 29.75%
Barisal	Workers: 41,653	Per 1,000 residents: 4.58	Share: 4.31%
Khulna	Workers: 59,550	Per 1,000 residents: 3.42	Share: 6.16%
Mymensingh	Workers: 41,146	Per 1,000 residents: 3.37	Share: 4.26%
Rajshahi	Workers: 56,106	Per 1,000 residents: 2.76	Share: 5.81%
Rangpur	Workers: 17,330	Per 1,000 residents: 0.98	Share: 1.79%

Covers returned migrant workers, who migrated in the years 2015-2018

Two yearbook tables, different totals

Year	Destination table 3.24	Skill table 3.21	Difference
2017	Destination table 3.24: 1,008,525	Skill table 3.21: 1,008,518	Difference: 7
2020	Destination table 3.24: 217,669	Skill table 3.21: 211,149	Difference: 6,520

totals_differing_from_table_3_21

BMET Annual Report 2022-23, country-wise overseas employment, FY2022-23 (pdf page 47, printed page 45), 130 destinations. Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training. dataset migration_country_fy2023Fiscal year (1 Jul 2022 to 30 Jun 2023), not the calendar year of the yearbook, so the two are never added or compared year on year. The 130 rows add to 1,126,053 against the printed total 1,126,060 (7 short). The report's own top-16 chart table (printed page 46) adds to 1,036,060, 90,000 under the same total, and prints Saudi Arabia as 391,302 against 453,035 here; the full table is served.

BMET Annual Report 2021-22, Table 3.3: workers going abroad by home district, FY2021-22 (pdf page 58, printed page 56); BBS Population and Housing Census 2022, population by district (via HDX, UNRCO Bangladesh). Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training; Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. dataset migration_districtFiscal year 2021-22 (1 Jul 2021 to 30 Jun 2022), 966,503 workers, over residents counted in the 2022 census (165,158,616). The FY2022-23 report reprints these same 64 values under its own larger total (1,126,060), so no FY2022-23 district split is held. The home district is the one the worker registered with BMET; the BMET print names districts in a legacy Bangla font, read against the page image.

BMET Annual Report 2021-22 (printed pages 55-56) and 2022-23 (printed pages 11 and 47); BMET Annual Report 2017, chart of female overseas employment (printed page 25) over the yearbook Table 3.21 totals. Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training. dataset migration_genderFiscal years 2021-22 and 2022-23 and calendar years 2013-2017 are separate series and are never mixed. Female share = female over the printed total of the same period. The 2017 report prints 1,008,525 for 2017 against 1,008,518 in yearbook Table 3.21; the report's own total is used with the report's own female count.

Twin Body objects: the Bureau of Manpower, Employment and Training (id 115) and its parent Ministry of Expatriates' Welfare and Overseas Employment (id 36), copied from the entities table. dataset migration_linksThe two Bodies the figures above are published by or about. A link, not a measure: no figure is attached to a Body here.

UN SDG Global Database, series SL_EMP_RCOST_MO (indicator 10.7.1): recruitment cost borne by the migrant worker as a proportion of yearly earnings in the country of destination, in months of earnings; Bangladesh, area code 50. United Nations Statistics Division, from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (Cost of Migration Survey 2020; Labour Force Survey 2022). dataset migration_costReturned migrant workers, as surveyed; the 2020 survey covers those who migrated 2015-2018. Months of the migrant's earnings abroad, not taka, and no breakdown by country of destination is held.