GovTwin / Institution

Kulaura (Moulvibazar)

Local Gov

A large eastern Moulvibazar upazila on the India border and a key rail junction, mixing tea estates, hill forest and haor-edge lowlands.

Wealth rank 253/452 (1 = poorest upazila)

Indicators: Meta RWI (HDX); ERA5-Land; MODIS; Sentinel-5P; VIIRS night-lights; GHSL; Hansen v1.11; CHIRPS v2.0. Exposure: GloFAS v2.1, FABDEM, MODIS LST, ACAG PM2.5, WorldPop 2020.

Problems and issues

environment Hill and mixed evergreen forest in the upazila faces clearing pressure from estate and settlement expansion. So what: Forest loss erodes biodiversity and watershed protection. Source: Bangladesh Forest Department
social Tea estates concentrate a historically marginalized plantation workforce whose deprivation is masked by a near-median average wealth (RWI -0.057, national rank 253 of 452). So what: Estate workers remain excluded from gains visible in the average. Source: Meta Data for Good Relative Wealth Index (HDX)
climate disaster In a warming, high-rainfall basin, haor-edge lowlands face flash flooding while heat and rainfall stress hill tea cultivation. So what: Flash floods and heat episodes damage both paddy and tea. Source: Department of Disaster Management

Probable solutions

Protect and restore hill and evergreen forest through co-management and limits on estate and settlement encroachment. Responsible: Bangladesh Forest Department · Bangladesh Forest Department
Enforce labour, housing and basic-services standards for tea-estate workers and provide off-estate skills pathways. Responsible: Ministry of Labour and Employment / Department of Labour · Ministry of Labour and Employment